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Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu, commonly known as Montesquieu, was a French lawyer, philosopher, and political thinker who is best known for his theory of the separation of powers in government. He believed that political freedom and individual liberty could only be achieved through a system of checks and balances that divided power among different branches of government.

Montesquieu's ideas on political freedom were influential in shaping the concept of the rule of law and the principles of constitutional government. He argued that a government based on the rule of law, where the powers of the state are limited and separated, was essential to protecting individual rights and preventing tyranny.

Montesquieu's work, particularly his book "The Spirit of the Laws," had a significant impact on the development of modern political thought and the concept of legal statehood. His ideas on political freedom and the separation of powers continue to be studied and debated by scholars and policymakers around the world.